abstract：:The traditional cornerstones of analgesic therapy for patients with acute pain have been oral therapies; however, all oral agents exhibit a variety of potentially dose-limiting or intolerable adverse effects in patients. Elderly patients and those with concomitant conditions already being managed with multiple systemi...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： McCarberg B,D'Arcy Y

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) levels provides important information regarding glycemic control for patients with diabetes, and is recommended by European and American diabetes organizations as an essential adjunct to periodic glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level monitoring. The benefits of SMBG in improving gly...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Blevins T

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Point-of-care testing (POCT) is widely used to measure blood glucose levels in people with diabetes, although its use in measuring glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels is less common, perhaps due to perceived performance issues and access to the technology. METHODS:Forty blood samples were analyzed in duplica...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Knaebel J,Irvin BR,Xie CZ

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stroke is the most feared complication among patients with atrial fibrillation. Oral anticoagulation therapy with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) has been the gold standard for stroke prevention for the past 60 years. However, VKA therapy has many downsides, including risk for bleeding, a narrow therapeutic window, and t...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Truffa AA,Lopes RD,Newby LK

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) and chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) are common functional bowel disorders. Patients with IBS-C or CIC often present with ≥ 1 comorbidity that coincides with either of these conditions. These comorbidities may make underappreciated contributions to the ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Nellesen D,Chawla A,Oh DL,Weissman T,Lavins BJ,Murray CW

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to describe practice patterns of US psychiatrists with regard to the diagnosis and management of depression in adults with bipolar I disorder and to identify relevant gaps in clinical knowledge and competence. METHODS:Two focus groups were conducted using nominal group technique...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Glauser TA,Cerenzia W,Wiley S,Howson A,Thase M

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The use of 2-way audiovisual (AV) technology for delivery of acute stroke evaluation and management, termed "telestroke," is supported by a rapidly growing literature base. A systematic review that provides a comprehensive, easily digestible overview of telestroke science and practice is lacking. PURPOSE:To...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Rubin MN,Wellik KE,Channer DD,Demaerschalk BM

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is an established bariatric surgical procedure that produces meaningful weight loss and improvements in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2. This study examined the effect of LAGB on T2DM status in severely obese p...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Edelman S,Bhoyrul S,Billy H,Cornell C,Okerson T

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because rates of both opioid prescribing and opioid abuse have increased, drug companies have responded by considering strategies to make opioid formulations less attractive for abuse without compromising safety or efficacy for patients with legitimate pain management needs. The emergence of tamper-resistant opioid fo...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Pappagallo M,Sokolowska M

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heart transplantation is the treatment of choice for a select group of patients with end-stage heart failure. Survival rates have increased and complication rates have decreased due to better immunosuppressive agents, improvement in organ procurement and surgical technique, and overall increase in experience for perfo...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Kansara P,Kobashigawa JA

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sleep is increasingly being recognized as an important factor in the homeostasis of multiple body functions, including blood glucose metabolism. One of the most common sleep disorders, obstructive sleep apnea, is not only highly prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but may contribute to the development...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Ioja S,Weir ID,Rennert NJ

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of colesevelam in Hispanic subjects with primary hyperlipidemia and prediabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A 16-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational study evaluating colesevelam in participants with primary hyperlipidemia (low-density lipoprotein c...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Rosenstock J,Hernandez-Triana E,Handelsman Y,Misir S,Jones MR

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An exploratory subgroup analysis of a prospective, randomized, double-blind, forced-titration study comparing the efficacy and safety of once-daily olmesartan medoxomil (OM) and losartan potassium (LOS) in patients with stage 1 or stage 2 hypertension is reported. After a 3- to 4-week placebo run-in period, eligible p...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Flack JM,Graff A,Li W,Chavanu KJ

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diabetic foot infections (DFIs) are a commonly encountered medical problem. They are associated with an increased frequency and length of hospitalization and risk for lower-extremity amputation. Furthermore, they have substantial economic consequences. Patients with diabetes mellitus are particularly susceptible to fo...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Bader MS,Brooks A

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Overactive bladder is a prevalent condition with bothersome symptoms that greatly impact health-related quality of life. Despite a multitude of treatment options, many patients go untreated or undertreated. This article addresses the contemporary management of overactive bladder, including behavioral and lifestyle mod...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Smith AL,Wein AJ

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with dyslipidemia receive a cardiovascular benefit from lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Atorvastatin is currently one of the most effective approved medications for lowering LDL-C, and has been shown to significantly reduce cardiovascular risk in many patient groups. However, even with s...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： McKenney JM

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recent major publications, such as the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes trial, the Advance in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron MR Controlled Evaluation tria...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Chokrungvaranon N,Deer J,Reaven PD

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In clinical practice, atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most commonly encountered arrhythmia. With the aging of the US population, the number of patients with AF that physicians encounter will increase. Atrial fibrillation management involves a combination of rate- and rhythm-control strategies with thromboprophylaxis, ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Curtis AB

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent increases in obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, along with the aging of the US population, are driving a dramatic rise in the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Despite this increase, the majority of Americans with early-stage CKD remain unaware of their disease. Primary care physicians are at the fo...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Coritsidis GN,Linden E,Stern AS

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with nonpsychotic mental health and emotional problems are commonly seen by primary care physicians. The objective of this study was to expand the Provisional Diagnostic Instrument-4 (PDI-4) to include a short self-report screen for 5 common anxiety-related diagnoses: panic attack (PA), social phobia (SP), ob...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Houston JP,Kroenke K,Davidson JR,Adler LA,Faries DE,Ahl J,Swindle R,Trzepacz PT

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a notorious environmental carcinogen. Acute and chronic UV radiation exposure increase the risk for skin cancer. Protecting oneself from both UVA and UVB radiation with broad-based sunscreen can prevent certain skin cancers, their precursors, and photoaging. Although sun protection factor...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Stechschulte SA,Kirsner RS,Federman DG

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The mechanism of action of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, such as saxagliptin, makes them suitable for combination therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Genetic, cultural, and environmental differences in individuals from different regions of the world may result in differences in treatment respons...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Karyekar C,Donovan M,Allen E,Fleming D,Ravichandran S,Chen R

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess improvements in quality of life measurements during the open-label portion of a trial examining duration of efficacy of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate in a simulated adult workplace environment. METHODS:A 4-week, open-label, dose-optimization phase followed by a randomized, double-blind, multicenter, ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Brams M,Giblin J,Gasior M,Gao J,Wigal T

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pain is among the most common reasons patients seek medical attention, and the care of patients with pain is a significant problem in the United States. Acute pain (mild-to-moderate intensity) represents one of the most frequent complaints encountered by primary care physicians (PCPs) and accounts for nearly half of p...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： McCarberg BH

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent sustained cardiac arrhythmia, yet because AF can often be intermittent or lacking in overt symptoms, its prevalence is underestimated, and it may be diagnosed only incidentally. Because AF is a potent ischemic stroke risk factor and stroke rates are similar for paroxysmal...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Saliba W

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Over the past 2 decades, there has been a significant increase in the number of incidentally found small renal cortical neoplasms (RCNs). As more RCNs are being discovered in the elderly and infirmed patient populations, there has been a growing interest in the role of active surveillance (AS). Active surv...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Graversen JA,Mues AC,Pérez-Lanzac de Lorca A,Landman J

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metformin is a first-line pharmacological treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus because of its favorable overall profile, including its glucose-lowering ability, weight-neutral effects, and low risk of hypoglycemia; however, gastrointestinal (GI) intolerance may limit use in some patients. Extended-rele...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Jabbour S,Ziring B

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Syncope is a common complaint that is frequently evaluated without identifying a precipitating cause. Gelastic (laughter-induced) syncope is an uncommon and poorly understood condition. We describe 3 patients who experienced loss of consciousness during vigorous laughter. Each patient had an extensive medical evaluati...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Thiagarajah PH,Finkielstein D,Granato JE

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Chronic kidney disease is a global public health concern. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) prediction based on serum creatinine is used to assess renal function in the elderly. The Cockcroft-Gault (CG) formula, based on body surface area (CG/BSA formula), and the Modified Diet and Renal Disease formula (MDRD ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Alagiakrishnan K,Senthilselvan A

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Asian Americans exhibit a high prevalence of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) compared with the general population in the United States. However, there are specific barriers to appropriate health care in the Asian American population, and CHB awareness is low. The aim of this study was to examine CHB awareness amon...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Upadhyaya N,Chang R,Davis C,Conti MC,Salinas-Garcia D,Tang H

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prevalence and public health importance of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as well as its impact on public health has led various groups to develop clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). Clinical practice guidelines are systematically developed statements designed to assist practitioner and patient d...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Bukstein OG

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recurrent herpes simplex labialis (HSL), also known as orofacial herpes or cold sores, is a common clinical presentation of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. It may manifest as painful, distressing, and cosmetically displeasing vesicles on the lips, nose, and nasal septum. Although oral or topical treatment with a...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Hull CM,Brunton S

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is difficult to diagnose, and differentiating between ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) can be challenging. Overlapping symptoms of UC and CD often delay diagnosis, despite availability of endoscopic, radiologic, and histologic tools. This delay in diagnosis is quite com...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Arai R

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe the efficacy and safety of adjunctive aripiprazole, olanzapine, and quetiapine for major depressive disorder. DATA SOURCES:Published registration study reports, supplemented by clinical trial synopses as disclosed by manufacturers and product labeling. STUDY SELECTION:All available reports of st...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Citrome L

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This study aimed to determine if there is an association between lipid levels, serum albumin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in patients on dialysis. METHODS:Lipid profiles, albumin, and CRP levels were collected after a 12-hour fast from patients with end-stage renal disease (N = 105) who were on chro...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Bowden RG,Wilson RL

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most patients with type 2 diabetes present with comorbid overweight or obesity. Reaching and maintaining acceptable glycemic control is more difficult in overweight and obese patients, and these conditions are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular and other diseases. Glycemic management for these patients ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Mavian AA,Miller S,Henry RR

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objective was to assess the relative risk (RR) for cardiovascular (CV) events across all 8 randomized phase 2/3 trials evaluating saxagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS:Cardiovascular events (death, myocardial infarction [MI], stroke, revascularization procedures, and cardiac isch...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Frederich R,Alexander JH,Fiedorek FT,Donovan M,Berglind N,Harris S,Chen R,Wolf R,Mahaffey KW

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Academy of Family Physicians believe that infants, children, and adolescents benefit from having a medical home, characterized by accessible, continuous, comprehensive, family-centered, coordinated, compassionate, and culturally effective care. Several st...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Lutfiyya MN,Scott N,Hurliman B,McCullough JE,Zeitz HJ,Lipsky MS

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prevalence of obesity and diabetes is epidemic. Severe insulin resistance (defined as the need for > or = 200 units of insulin per day to achieve glycemic control) is commonly seen with obesity and can complicate diabetes management. The management of patients with diabetes who have severe insulin resistance is di...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Brown A,Desai M,Taneja D,Tannock LR

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Among a random sample of emergency department (ED) patients, we sought to determine the extent to which reported risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is related to ever having been tested for HIV. METHODS:A random sample of patients (aged 18-64 years) from an adult, urban, northeastern United States, ...

journal_title：Postgraduate medicine

authors： Merchant RC,Freelove SM,Langan TJ 4th,Clark MA,Mayer KH,Seage GR 3rd,DeGruttola VG

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00